The Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale (SOCS-O) and Sussex-Oxford Compassion for the Self Scale
(SOCS-S) were developed by researchers from the University of Sussex and University of Oxford.

These measures are based on our definition of compassion as involving five elements: recognizing suffering in others; understanding the common humanity of this suffering; feeling emotionally connected with the person who is suffering; tolerating difficult feelings that may arise; and acting or being motivated to act to help the person.

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